This little, but very usefull program, try to sends ICMP packet out the LAN, and detect all the host that allow it. Whit this you can find bugs in your (“company’s”) network ( or others), for example hosts that allow p2p connections.
Explanation
When we use a Gateway, we send the packets with IP dest of the target, but the dest mac on the Ethernet is the mac at the Gateway. If we send a packet to the different macs in the LAN, we can know who is the gateway when we receive an response from this mac.
Some times we can discover more than one box configured to be an gateway, generally, this is an wrong configuration, and the box will response with an ICMP-Redirect. This is the same, because the script only verify if the mac response.
Source: http://code.google.com/p/natprobe/